Christmas tree is a wellhead device used to exploit oil, such as flowing well and mechanical production well. It is the main equipment for controlling and regulating oil and gas production at the top of oil and gas wells. It is mainly composed of casing head, tubing head and oil (gas) tree body.

definition

Christmas tree is a component located at the opening leading to the top of the oil well, including valves, safety systems and a series of monitors for measurement and maintenance. The Christmas tree connects the production pipeline and oil outlet pipe from the downhole, and acts as an important barrier to isolate the top of the oil well from the external environment. It includes many valves that can be used to regulate or prevent crude oil vapor, natural gas and liquid from gushing out of the well. Christmas trees are connected to the production manifold system through submarine pipelines.

classification

There are many types of Christmas trees, which can be divided into water Christmas trees (on the platform deck) and underwater Christmas trees (on the seabed) according to the application area; According to the installation position, it can be divided into vertical (or vertical) Christmas trees, horizontal (or horizontal) Christmas trees, and plug-in (or caisson) Christmas trees; It is divided into dry Christmas tree, wet Christmas tree and dry / wet Christmas tree according to the structural form; According to the arrangement of wells, it is divided into satellite well Christmas tree and chassis well Christmas tree.